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                  <text>From the first sightings of land in the West Indies through the end of the eighteenth century, there was a constant demand for maps of the newfound lands on the western Atlantic. Until the early decades of the nineteenth century, most maps were the products of English and Continental (Dutch, German and French) cartographers and engravers, who often based their maps on explorer’s reports and mariner’s charts. Beyond their use for navigation, commerce and military affairs, maps had other functions. They recorded the progress of the European settlement of North America. They documented the borders between the colonies. And they provided a relatively inexpensive means of household decoration. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Newspaper advertisements for the colonial period indicate that maps were available in single sheets or bound in atlases or occasionally in magazines. Before the eighteenth century, private ownership of maps and charts implied a learned and accomplished status that was usually limited to men of wealth and power involved in trade, government or education. After 1700, there was greater economic diversity in map ownership. Maps can be found in the inventories and personal papers of colonial American mariners, millwrights, tradesmen, merchants, plantation owners, clergy, government officials, military officers and tradesmen. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The map collection at Tryon Palace Historic Sites &amp;amp; Gardens focuses on printed maps of the new world, with a special emphasis on maps depicting the Carolinas from the period of discovery to the Revolutionary War. This group includes examples of the work of some of the most important British and Continental cartographers and engravers of the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. There are maps by William Janszoon Blaeu and Nicolas Sanson of Amsterdam, Jean Baptiste Homann of Nuremberg, and John Senex, Herman Moll, J. or T. Hinton, Thomas Jefferys, John Collet, Thomas Kitchin and Henry Mouzon of London. A second, smaller group of maps records changes in county boundaries in the State of North Carolina from the late eighteenth century to the Civil War. The collection also contains a number of eighteenth- and nineteenth-century surveys and topographical maps of New Bern and Craven County. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Catalog entries include both a short title reference and the full title including any dedication. Size is given in inches for paper, plate and image (measured from the outer edge of the neat line); measurements are always taken along the left edge and bottom of the print. Insets are treated in the same manner as the primary image. Significant features are noted in the description. Biographical information on the cartographer or engraver is included when possible.</text>
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                <text>Hand-colored, engraved map:  VIRGINIA MARYLANDIA et CAROLINA in America Septentroinali Britannorum industria excultae reparasentae a Ioh. Bapt. Homann S.C.M. Geog. Norimbergae [cartouche, lower right]  |  86 [upper right corner, outside plate mark]&#13;
This map extends from New York and “New Jarsey” to South Carolina and west to Lake Erie. The map first appeared in Homann’s Atlas Novus, 1714. Its popularity is demonstrated in the number of other atlases in which it appeared during the eighteenth century. Beginning about 1730 and in later copies, the line “Cum Privilegio Sac. Maes. Majest.” appears in the cartouche below “Norimbergae.”&#13;
&#13;
    The elaborate cartouche includes images of European merchants trading with the Indians. On the left is an open drying shed; below a large fish, an alligator and a horse. The location of several important cities/towns—Philadelphia, “Carolina” (on the Cape Fear River in North Carolina), and “Germantown/ Teutsche Statt” (on the southern branch of the Rappahannock River in Virginia)—is picked out in red.&#13;
Johann Baptist Homann (1664-1724), a native of Nuremberg, started his career as a map engraver, but in 1702 he set up his own publishing house. A commercial success, Homann built up a stock of atlas plates and sold his maps at lower prices than the Dutch or French, who until then dominated the market. (Many of Homann’s maps were copied from Dutch or French sources.) Homann was responsible for re-establishing the languishing German map industry. In 1715 he was rewarded for his services by being appointed Geographer to the Emperor.</text>
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                <text>Permission to use the photograph must be obtained in writing from Tryon Palace Historic Sites &amp; Gardens, New Bern, North Carolina. It must be accompanied by the caption” From the collection of Tryon Palace Historic Sites &amp; Gardens, New Bern, North Carolina; North Carolina Department of Cultural Resources, Division of Archives and History.”</text>
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                  <text>From the first sightings of land in the West Indies through the end of the eighteenth century, there was a constant demand for maps of the newfound lands on the western Atlantic. Until the early decades of the nineteenth century, most maps were the products of English and Continental (Dutch, German and French) cartographers and engravers, who often based their maps on explorer’s reports and mariner’s charts. Beyond their use for navigation, commerce and military affairs, maps had other functions. They recorded the progress of the European settlement of North America. They documented the borders between the colonies. And they provided a relatively inexpensive means of household decoration. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Newspaper advertisements for the colonial period indicate that maps were available in single sheets or bound in atlases or occasionally in magazines. Before the eighteenth century, private ownership of maps and charts implied a learned and accomplished status that was usually limited to men of wealth and power involved in trade, government or education. After 1700, there was greater economic diversity in map ownership. Maps can be found in the inventories and personal papers of colonial American mariners, millwrights, tradesmen, merchants, plantation owners, clergy, government officials, military officers and tradesmen. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The map collection at Tryon Palace Historic Sites &amp;amp; Gardens focuses on printed maps of the new world, with a special emphasis on maps depicting the Carolinas from the period of discovery to the Revolutionary War. This group includes examples of the work of some of the most important British and Continental cartographers and engravers of the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. There are maps by William Janszoon Blaeu and Nicolas Sanson of Amsterdam, Jean Baptiste Homann of Nuremberg, and John Senex, Herman Moll, J. or T. Hinton, Thomas Jefferys, John Collet, Thomas Kitchin and Henry Mouzon of London. A second, smaller group of maps records changes in county boundaries in the State of North Carolina from the late eighteenth century to the Civil War. The collection also contains a number of eighteenth- and nineteenth-century surveys and topographical maps of New Bern and Craven County. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Catalog entries include both a short title reference and the full title including any dedication. Size is given in inches for paper, plate and image (measured from the outer edge of the neat line); measurements are always taken along the left edge and bottom of the print. Insets are treated in the same manner as the primary image. Significant features are noted in the description. Biographical information on the cartographer or engraver is included when possible.</text>
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Plate: 15 ¼” X 20”&#13;
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            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
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                <text>1640</text>
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            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
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                <text>Maps</text>
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            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
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                <text>Tryon Palace</text>
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            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
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                <text>Latin</text>
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            <name>Coverage</name>
            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
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                <text>North Carolina</text>
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                <text>South Carolina</text>
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                <text>Georgia</text>
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                <text>Florida</text>
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            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="8256">
                <text>Hand colored, engraved map showing the Atlantic coast from Chesapeake Bay to below Cape Francois and as far west as the Appalachian Mountains and Lake Norman. Title: VIRGINIÆ parties austrailis et FLORIDÆ parts orientalis interjacentiumq3 regionem NOVA DESCRIPTIO. [cartouche]  | Coat of arms of Britain [in Virginia]; coat of arms of France [in South Carolina]. Putti holding banner with scale [bottom, center right].&#13;
The map was included in Le Théâtre du Monde, ou Novvel Atlas (Amsterdami, 1638), Vol. II (1640) by Willem Janszoon Blaeu and his son Joan Willem Blaeu. The map is based on the large 1606 Mercator-Hondia map of the same area. It was copied by Jan Jansson for his Nieuwen Atlas of 1641 and appeared in several editions of Jansson’s atlases. There is no mention of Carolina, which was not named until 1663.&#13;
Amsterdam-born Willem Janszoon Blaeu (1571 – c. 1646) was in business by about 1596 as an instrument maker and globe manufacturer. He later became an engraver and printer. Working with his sons Joan Willem (1596 – 1673) and Cornelius (died 1642), Blaeu produced some of the finest maps of the period. This can be seen in the quality of the engraving, the sense of design, and the beautiful cartouches. For his service to navigation, in 1633 Willem Blaeu was appointed mapmaker to the Dutch Republic.</text>
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            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="8257">
                <text>Permission to use the photograph must be obtained in writing from Tryon Palace Historic Sites &amp; Gardens, New Bern, North Carolina. It must be accompanied by the caption” From the collection of Tryon Palace Historic Sites &amp; Gardens, New Bern, North Carolina; North Carolina Department of Cultural Resources, Division of Archives and History.”</text>
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            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="8258">
                <text>jpg</text>
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                    <text>West Indies…</text>
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                <name>Title</name>
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                    <text>West Indies…</text>
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              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                  <text>Tryon Palace Maps, Plans, and Surveys</text>
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              <name>Subject</name>
              <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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                  <text>North Carolina--Maps</text>
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              <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                  <text>From the first sightings of land in the West Indies through the end of the eighteenth century, there was a constant demand for maps of the newfound lands on the western Atlantic. Until the early decades of the nineteenth century, most maps were the products of English and Continental (Dutch, German and French) cartographers and engravers, who often based their maps on explorer’s reports and mariner’s charts. Beyond their use for navigation, commerce and military affairs, maps had other functions. They recorded the progress of the European settlement of North America. They documented the borders between the colonies. And they provided a relatively inexpensive means of household decoration. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Newspaper advertisements for the colonial period indicate that maps were available in single sheets or bound in atlases or occasionally in magazines. Before the eighteenth century, private ownership of maps and charts implied a learned and accomplished status that was usually limited to men of wealth and power involved in trade, government or education. After 1700, there was greater economic diversity in map ownership. Maps can be found in the inventories and personal papers of colonial American mariners, millwrights, tradesmen, merchants, plantation owners, clergy, government officials, military officers and tradesmen. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The map collection at Tryon Palace Historic Sites &amp;amp; Gardens focuses on printed maps of the new world, with a special emphasis on maps depicting the Carolinas from the period of discovery to the Revolutionary War. This group includes examples of the work of some of the most important British and Continental cartographers and engravers of the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. There are maps by William Janszoon Blaeu and Nicolas Sanson of Amsterdam, Jean Baptiste Homann of Nuremberg, and John Senex, Herman Moll, J. or T. Hinton, Thomas Jefferys, John Collet, Thomas Kitchin and Henry Mouzon of London. A second, smaller group of maps records changes in county boundaries in the State of North Carolina from the late eighteenth century to the Civil War. The collection also contains a number of eighteenth- and nineteenth-century surveys and topographical maps of New Bern and Craven County. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Catalog entries include both a short title reference and the full title including any dedication. Size is given in inches for paper, plate and image (measured from the outer edge of the neat line); measurements are always taken along the left edge and bottom of the print. Insets are treated in the same manner as the primary image. Significant features are noted in the description. Biographical information on the cartographer or engraver is included when possible.</text>
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              <name>Creator</name>
              <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
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                  <text>Tryon Palace Historic Sites </text>
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              <name>Contributor</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
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                  <text>Tryon Palace Historic Sites</text>
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      <name>Still Image</name>
      <description>A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials.</description>
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          <name>Original Format</name>
          <description>The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data</description>
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            <elementText elementTextId="8133">
              <text>Maps</text>
            </elementText>
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          <name>Physical Dimensions</name>
          <description>The actual physical size of the original image</description>
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              <text>Paper: 8 1/8” X 12 ½”&#13;
Plate: 7 3/8” X 11 15/16”&#13;
Image: 7 1/8” X 11 5/8”</text>
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          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="7352">
                <text>TP.1984.010.004</text>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>West Indies…</text>
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            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
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                <text>Bowen, Emanuel</text>
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            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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                <text>West Indies--Maps--Early works to 1800</text>
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            <name>Publisher</name>
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                <text>Bowen, Emanuel</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
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                <text>1750-1767?</text>
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            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
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                <text>Maps</text>
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          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
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                <text>Tryon Palace</text>
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          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
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                <text>English</text>
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          <element elementId="38">
            <name>Coverage</name>
            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
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                <text>West Indies</text>
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            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>Hand-colored, engraved map: West Indies [cartouche] Cartouche includes two merchants dealing with a native. Attributed to Emanuel Bowen, this map of the West Indies shows the area from southern Maryland to northern South America. It charts the islands and ports of call from “Charles Town” and Port Royal on the southern tip of South Carolina to Surinam on the northeastern coast of South America. English engraver and map seller Emanuel Bowen (fl. 1749-1767) is best known for his series of British county maps produced in conjunction with other mapmakers including Thomas Kitchen. Bowen’s county maps frequently included historical facts and information on towns, products, climate, etc. in the blank areas. Bowen was responsible for the production of &lt;em&gt;Britannia Depicta&lt;/em&gt;, based on earlier road maps by John Ogilby, but with historical facts, coats-of-arms, and other heraldic information added. Bowen also issued and reissued numerous other maps.</text>
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          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="8130">
                <text>Permission to use the photograph must be obtained in writing from Tryon Palace Historic Sites &amp; Gardens, New Bern, North Carolina. It must be accompanied by the caption” From the collection of Tryon Palace Historic Sites &amp; Gardens, New Bern, North Carolina; North Carolina Department of Cultural Resources, Division of Archives and History.”</text>
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            <description>A related resource</description>
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                <text>The collection contains a larger version of Emanuel Bowen’s West Indies map (TP.1986.055.001) with a more extensive text.</text>
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            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
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                <text>jpg</text>
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